thomas+bumbalo,+american+hero

// **Marbury v. Madison (1803)** //

//What caused it?// //Why is it important?// //How did it help shape the United States?//
 * Judiciary Act of 1789
 * Appointment of Midnight Judges
 * Philidelphia Convention
 * Jefferson ordering Secretary of State James Madison to not deliver the presidential commissions to the Federalist Judges appointed by Adams
 * William Marbury, a midnight judge, suing for his commission
 * It established the doctrine of judicial review, or the determination of the constitutionality of an executive or legislative action, for the judicial branch of government
 * It was the first time an executive or legislative action was determined to be unconstitutional
 * It increased the power of the judicial branch of government
 * A precedent was established from this ruling which was the basis of most of the rulings regarding Constitutional law throughout the rest of United States history
 * It paved the way for other landmark cases like Gibbons v. Ogden, all of which increased the power of the federal government

//**Northwest Ordinance of 1787 (1787)**//

//What caused it?//
 * Treaty of Paris of 1783
 * Articles of Confederation ratified in 1777
 * Land Ordinance of 1784
 * Proclamation of 1763
 * Colonial desire to expand past the Appalachian mountains for new land

//Why is it important?// //How did it help shape the United States?//
 * It created the first organized territory, the Northwest Territory, outside of the original 13 colonies for the United States
 * It was later admitted as a fundamental tenet to the US Constitution in 1789, albeit with some slight changes
 * The decision to establish the territory as free territory made the Ohio River the boundary between slave and free states between the Appalachians and the Mississippi River
 * It set a precedent for the admission of new territories and states to the Union
 * It helped sow the seeds of division between the free states of the North and the slave states of the South
 * It pushed the Native Americans of the region further west


 * Lewis and Clark**

//Why are they important?// //Why are they significant to United States history?//
 * They are the explorers who mapped the Louisiana Territory purchased by President Jefferson
 * They made several scientific accomplishments through their discovery of previously unknown flora and fauna of the region
 * They showed that overland travel to the Pacific coast was an achievable feat
 * The venture of Lewis and Clark from the Atlantic to the Pacific encouraged the idea of Manifest Destiny
 * They proved that the purchased land could be easily inhabited


 * Tecumseh**

//Why is he important?// //Why is he significant to United States history?//
 * He was a Native American chief of the Shawnee tribe and several others
 * He opposed The Americans during the War of 1812 and a war of his own (called Tecumseh's War)
 * He supported the establishment of a Native American nation separate from the United States
 * With his death in 1813, most dreams of a Native American nation east of the Mississippi died
 * His support of the British in the War of 1812 and his own war established an American animosity towards Native Americans that was displayed in further expansion west


 * Compromise of 1850 (1850) - Thomas B.**

//What caused it?// //Why is it important?// //How did it help shape the United States?//
 * Mexican-American War
 * Missouri Compromise
 * Wilmot Proviso
 * Escape of southern blacks to the North
 * Nullification crisis
 * Created more sectional conflict between the South and the North through its harsh fugitive slave law
 * One of the many causes of the Civil War
 * Eventually led to the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854
 * Deepened the animosity between the North and South
 * Led to several outcries against slavery, such as the publication of //Uncle Tom's Cabin// as a result of the fugitive slave act

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 * Civil War (1861-1865) - Thomas B.**

//What caused it?// //Why is it important?// //How did it help shape United States history?//
 * 1860 Presidential Election
 * Invention of cotton gin
 * Attack on Fort Sumter
 * Kansas-Nebraska Act
 * Publication of //Uncle Tom's Cabin//
 * Bloodiest war that has ever occurred on U.S. soil
 * Destroyed the southern economy for a long period of time
 * Culmination of sectional struggles that had been occurring over the years
 * Slavery, in the end, was abolished
 * The 13-15 amendments were passed as a result, guaranteeing the abolition of slavery and equal protection under the law for all citizens
 * Made Grant famous, and he would later become a president[[image:http://www.soldierstudies.org/images/webquest/civil%20war%20soldiers.jpg]]


 * James K. Polk - Thomas B.**

//Why is he important?// //Why is he significant to United States history?//
 * Galvanized American nationalism by supporting the doctrine of Manifest Destiny
 * Began a war with Mexico and concluded a treaty with Great Britain to gain the Mexican cession territories and Oregon respectively
 * Gained nearly all of mainland United States's modern-day territories
 * His presidency resulted in more sectional rifts due to the question over the expansion of slavery


 * Abraham Lincoln - Thomas B.**

//Why is he important?// //Why is he significant to United States history?//
 * He was president during the American Civil War
 * He refused to allow the secession of the South and successfully ended their rebellion
 * Issued the Emancipation Proclamation
 * His Emancipation Proclamation eventually resulted in the abolition of slavery in the United States
 * His attempts to return the South to the Union caused the economic ruin of the South for years to come
 * The assassination of Lincoln ended the hopes of an easy period of Reconstruction for the South[[image:http://www.historyplace.com/lincoln/lincpix/last.jpg]]

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// What caused It? // // Why is it important? // // How did it help shape the United States? //
 * Name of Event - Person that did it **

For the people:

// Why is he/she/it important? // // Why is he/she/it significant to United States History? //
 * Name of Important Person - Person that did it **


 * World War I (1914-1918) - Thomas Bumbalo**

//What caused it?// //Why is it important?// //How did it help shape the United States?//
 * Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
 * Imperialistic and nationalistic tensions
 * Formation of alliances (such as the Entente Cordiale)
 * Zimmerman Telegram
 * Sinking of Lusitania
 * European combatants needed supplies and food for war which the U.S. provided, boosting its industry
 * It is the first war in Europe in which the United States involved itself
 * Over 100,000 Americans died as a direct result of the war
 * Increased wheat production for the war effort led to overproduction and the deflation of the price of wheat and bread as well as the Dust Bowl
 * Led to a foreign policy of isolationism for the United States after the war
 * War crippled several European economies, meaning much of Europe was in debt to the United States
 * Harsh terms of the Treaty of Versailles eventually resulted in World War II and thus the United States's involvement in it


 * Newlands Resolution (1898) - Thomas Bumbalo**

//What caused it?// //Why is it important?// //How did it help shape the United States?//
 * Northwest Ordinance of 1787
 * Bayonet Constitution
 * 1893 Revolution
 * Businessmen wanting to protect interests in islands
 * Imperialism
 * Resulted in the annexation of the Hawaiian islands to the United States
 * Was one of the most blatant examples of American imperialism as the native government was overthrown by firstly business owners and then the United States itself
 * Provided precedent for annexation of another country (Philippines)
 * Hawaii would later become the 50th state of the United States
 * Our 44th President, Barack Obama, would be born in Hawaii


 * Theodore Roosevelt - Thomas Bumbalo**

//Why is he important?// //Why is he significant to United States history?//
 * Hero of the Spanish-American War
 * First progressive president
 * One of the "trust-buster" presidents who fought against trusts between big businesses
 * Through his "Roosevelt Corollary," he established a tradition of imperialism in the United States
 * Intervened in the Anthracite Coal Strike of 1902 as a neutral arbitrator between workers and business; first time for government to do so
 * Pushed for completion of Panama Canal
 * Presided over peace talks between Japan and Russia, ending the Russo-Japanese War (earned a Nobel Peace Prize)


 * William Randolph Hearst - Thomas Bumbalo**

//Why is he important?// //Why is he significant to United States history?// [] [] [] [] []
 * Along with Pulitzer, journalist who began the practice of yellow journalism (exaggeration to sell papers)
 * Through yellow journalism, helped create public support for war with Spain
 * Yellow journalism is still practiced today
 * United States acquired Puerto Rico as a result of the Spanish-American war

munich conference; Paris Peace Conferences; fdr; hitler


 * Munich Agreement (30 September 1938) - Thomas Bumbalo**

//What caused it?// //Why is it important?// //How did it help shape the United States?//
 * Anschluss
 * Re-militarization of the Rhineland
 * World War I
 * Peace of Paris
 * Nationalism and desire for Lebensraum
 * It was the clearest act of appeasement leading up to the second World War
 * It removed many of Czechoslovakia's forts and defenses near their border, leaving them vulnerable to further invasion
 * It only motivated Hitler to continue his expansionism, eventually leading to the invasion of Poland
 * It was one of the primary precursors to World War II, a war in which the United States was involved
 * This war would elevate the United States to the status of a superpower
 * The policy of appeasement was abandoned in future foreign policy as the United States, looking back, decided it could not appease the Soviets


 * Paris Peace Conference (1919) - Thomas Bumbalo**

//What caused it?// //Why is it important?// //How did it help shape the United States?//
 * Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
 * American entry into World War I
 * Bolshevik Revolution
 * Franco-Prussian War
 * Central Power defeat in the War
 * The conference was attended by the "Big Four" of the Great Powers: Wilson, George, Clemenceau, and Orlando
 * It imposed harsh terms upon Germany and Austria-Hungary, such as the dissolution of the latter and the implementation of a "war guilt" clause into the Treaty of Versailles
 * Immense reparations were demanded of Germany and Austria
 * The ineffective League of Nations was created
 * The peace talks were a chance for Wilson to propose his "Fourteen Points" for peace
 * The reparations and war guilt clause were both future causes of World War II, a war in which the United States was involved
 * It ended the fighting, meaning the United States could shift towards a policy of isolationism


 * Adolf Hitler - Thomas Bumbalo**

//Why is he important?// //Why is he significant to United States history?//
 * His aggressive foreign policy alienated most countries, including the United States
 * The Holocaust, a genocide of the Jews among others initiated under his administration, massacred millions of people
 * His actions, more specifically the invasion of Poland, began World War II
 * World War II, the war that he began, involved the United States
 * Hundreds of thousands of Americans died as a result
 * The war propelled the United States into being a superpower
 * His actions effective changed the American foreign policy from isolationism to interventionism


 * Franklin Delano Roosevelt - Thomas Bumbalo**

//Why is he important?// //Why is he significant to United States history?// [] []
 * His New Deal for the American people provided direct relief during the Great Depression
 * He created hope for the people in a time of despair
 * Countless programs, agencies, and organizations were created during his administration, such as the CCC, the AAA, the Federal Reserve, and the FDIC, all of which contributed to ending the Great Depression
 * His programs and organizations greatly strengthened the power of the federal government
 * He is often counted among the best presidents in United States history
 * He helped to alleviate those who were suffering during the Depression
 * He ended Prohibition

http://www.xtranormal.com/watch/13298773/my-amazing-movie-for-ap-us


 * Potsdam Conference (July 16 - August 2 1945) - Thomas Bumbalo**

//What caused it?// //Why is it important?// //How did it help shape the United States?//
 * Invasion of Poland
 * V-E Day
 * Yalta Conference
 * Attack on Pearl Harbor
 * Battle of Stalingrad
 * There was no reference to the atomic bomb over the course of the conference
 * No real action was taken against the Soviet Union and its occupation of Eastern Europe
 * Divided Germany into post-war occupation zones for the major powers of the war (and France)
 * It deepened tensions between the Soviet Union and the United States
 * It helped lead to the Cold War
 * It ensured that an "Iron Curtain" would descend upon Europe, dividing East and West Europe


 * Brown v. Board of Education (1954) - Thomas Bumbalo**

//What caused it?// //Why is it important?// //How did it help shape the United States?//
 * Plessy v. Ferguson
 * 14th Amendment
 * 13th Amendment
 * Executive Order 9981
 * Passage of Jim Crow laws
 * It desegregated public schools in the United States
 * It incited racial tension between blacks and whites
 * It allowed for a better chance at education for blacks
 * It helped to pave the way for the American Civil Rights Movement
 * The ruling inspired others, such as Rosa Parks, to take a stand on black rights
 * Served as a precedent for future rulings regarding desegregation


 * Harry Truman - Thomas Bumbalo**

//Why is he important?// //Why is he significant to United States history?//
 * Made the decision to drop the atomic bombs onto Japanese cities
 * Desegregated the United States military
 * Attempted to pass a "Fair Deal" for the American people
 * The desegregation of the military assisted in initiating the American Civil Rights Movement
 * Entered the United States into the missile age
 * Sponsored the Marshall Plan for the rebuilding of Europe


 * Chairman Mao Tse-tung**

//Why is he important?// //Why is he significant to United States history?//
 * Founded the People's Republic of China or Communist China
 * Won the Chinese Civil War against Chiang Kai-shek
 * Led an attack on Chinese culture in the Cultural Revolution after gaining power
 * Sponsored a war on intellectualism in order to keep Chinese government strong and free of protest
 * Founded the country that is one of the United States's main competitors economically and politically in the modern era

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 * Chernobyl Disaster (1986) - Thomas**

//What caused it?// //Why is it important?// //How did it help shape the United States?//
 * Dropping of the atomic bombs
 * Lack of Soviet safety culture
 * Cold War
 * Deficient plant designs
 * Incompetent plant managers
 * 31 people were killed directly by the accident
 * Thousands more died of cancer as the radiation cloud passed west over the rest of Europe
 * Contaminated the surrounding land for years
 * Led to anti-nuclear campaigns due to the lack of safety of the plants
 * Led to more safety required in American plants
 * Led to even more distrust of the Soviet Union due to their silence in the immediate aftermath of the disaster


 * Pentagon Papers Published (1971) - Thomas**

//What caused it?// //Why is it important?// //How did it help shape the United States?//
 * Vietnam War
 * Tet Offensive
 * Lyndon Johnson's presidency
 * Operation Menu
 * Growth of the counter-culture
 * Displayed that the government had lied about many key components of the Vietnam War
 * Published in the New York Times and a wide audience of people read the leak
 * Displayed deceitful and dirty actions of the government in foreign affairs
 * Helped to foster even more anti-government sentiments
 * Caused frustration and anger at Johnson's administration and the presidents surrounding his term in office


 * John Lennon/Paul McCartney - Thomas**

//Why is he important?// //Why is he significant to United States history?//
 * Leaders of the "British Invasion" of the United States, referring to the popularity of British rock musicians
 * Influenced music in a profound manner with their revolutionary songs
 * Broke many of the musical records of the day
 * Helped to define the counterculture of the period
 * Shaped American culture for the years to come with their songs and lifestyles


 * Leonid Brezhnev - Thomas**

//Why is he important?// //Why is he significant to United States history?//
 * His time as leader of the USSR was second only to that of Stalin's
 * Expanded the Soviet military drastically during this period
 * Expanded Soviet influence internationally drastically
 * Overlooked severe economic problems that would help initiate the fall of the USSR
 * Invasion of Afghanistan helped to hasten the fall of the USSR
 * Participated in the detente relations between the USSR and US[[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Leonid_Bre%C5%BEn%C4%9Bv_(Bundesarchiv).jpg/220px-Leonid_Bre%C5%BEn%C4%9Bv_(Bundesarchiv).jpg]]

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